Questions and Answers with Explanations:
Q1. What was Alexander Fleming's role in the discovery of Penicillin?
a) He intentionally created it as an antibiotic.
b) He found it by chance when studying the flu.
c) He discovered it while researching cancer.
d) None of the above.
A1. b) He found it by chance when studying the flu.
Explanation: The passage highlights that Fleming's discovery of Penicillin was not intentional but a fortunate accident during his flu research
Q2. Fill in the blank: The microwave oven was invented by _____.
a) James Watson
b) Percy Spencer
c) Marie Curie
d) Albert Einstein
A2. b) Percy Spencer
Explanation: As detailed in the passage, Percy Spencer stumbled upon the idea for the microwave oven while working with radar technology.
Q3. True or False: Serendipity plays a minor role in scientific discoveries.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
d) Both a and c are correct
A3. b) False
Explanation: The passage illustrates numerous instances where serendipity played a crucial role in major scientific breakthroughs, indicating its significant impact.
Q4. The discovery of Penicillin was a result of:
a) Intentional experimentation
b) Accidental contamination
c) A planned study on molds
d) Fleming's work on vaccines
A4. b) Accidental contamination
Explanation: Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin after noticing mold contamination in his Petri dishes, which was an accidental occurrence.
Q5. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation was initially mistaken for:
a) Technical malfunction
b) Pigeon droppings
c) Radio interference from a nearby station
d) Sound waves from space
A5. b) Pigeon droppings
Explanation: Penzias and Wilson initially attributed the background noise in their experiments to pigeon droppings in their antenna.
Q6. What was the original goal of Tim Berners-Lee's project that led to the creation of the World Wide Web?
a) Developing a new computer language
b) Automating information sharing between scientists
c) Creating a global digital library
d) Inventing a new internet browser
A6. b) Automating information sharing between scientists
Explanation: The World Wide Web was initially developed as a tool for scientists at different universities to share information automatically.
Q7. The Post-it Note was invented due to:
a) An attempt to create a strong adhesive
b) A need for temporary bookmarks
c) An accidental chemical reaction
d) Both a and b
A7. d) Both a and b
Explanation: The Post-it Note came about from Silver's failed attempt to create a strong adhesive and Fry's need for a temporary bookmark.
Q8. True or False: All significant scientific discoveries are the result of careful planning and deliberate experimentation.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
d) Both a and c are correct
A8. b) False
Explanation: Many significant scientific discoveries, as illustrated in the passage, have been the result of serendipity or accidental findings.
Q9. The background noise discovered by Penzias and Wilson was significant because it:
a) Proved the existence of alien life
b) Was a new form of sound wave
c) Provided evidence for the Big Bang theory
d) Led to the invention of the radio
A9. c) Provided evidence for the Big Bang theory
Explanation: The persistent background noise, later identified as Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, was crucial evidence supporting the Big Bang theory.
Q10. Which of the following is not a result of serendipity in scientific discoveries mentioned in the passage?
a) The internet
b) Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
c) Penicillin
d) The telephone
A10. d) The telephone
Explanation: The telephone is not mentioned in the passage as a serendipitous discovery, unlike the other options.