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Cambridge IELTS 10 Reading Test 4 - IELTS Reading Passage with Questions and Answers

Updated on 29 January, 2024

upGrad Abroad Team

upGrad Abroad Team

upGrad abroad Editorial Team

Introduction

Preparing for the IELTS Reading section can be a daunting task, but with the right resources, success is within reach. "Cambridge IELTS 10 Reading Test 4" provides an excellent opportunity for learners to hone their skills. This article is designed to mirror the complexity and structure of an actual IELTS Reading test, comprising a detailed passage, followed by a series of questions that test various comprehension skills. Our goal is to not only enhance your reading abilities but also to equip you with strategies to tackle the IELTS Reading section effectively.

Passage: The Legacy of Ancient Civilizations: A Beacon for Modern Ingenuity


The annals of human history are punctuated by the rise and fall of magnificent ancient civilizations, each leaving an indelible mark on the fabric of modern society. From the hieroglyphs of Egypt to the classical wisdom of Greece, from the expansive empire of Rome to the mystical lands of the Mayans, these civilizations have bequeathed a legacy that continues to inspire and perplex scholars and laymen alike. Their achievements, shrouded in mystery and awe, serve not merely as historical footnotes but as beacons of human potential and ingenuity.

The enigmatic allure of ancient civilizations lies not just in their monumental architecture or sophisticated art forms but in their profound understanding of the world they inhabited. The Egyptians, for instance, were not only master builders, evident in the colossal pyramids and the majestic Sphinx, but also pioneers in medicine, mathematics, and astronomy. Their ability to align the pyramids with celestial bodies with near-perfect precision speaks volumes of their astronomical prowess and their deep connection with the cosmos.

Similarly, the ancient Greeks, often heralded as the progenitors of Western civilization, have left an indelible legacy in philosophy, politics, and science. The works of Plato and Aristotle continue to influence contemporary thought, while the democratic principles of Athens form the bedrock of modern democratic systems. The Greeks' contributions to mathematics and science, epitomized by the likes of Euclid and Archimedes, laid the foundational principles upon which modern science and engineering are built.

The Roman Empire, with its unparalleled administrative acumen and engineering marvels, such as the aqueducts and the Colosseum, showcased the Romans' mastery over urban planning and construction. Their legal system, much of which is incorporated into today's legal frameworks, was a testament to their advanced societal organization and governance.

Across the ocean, the Mayan civilization, nestled in the dense jungles of Central America, astounded the world with its intricate calendar system and advanced astronomical knowledge. The Mayans' understanding of celestial cycles was so sophisticated that their calendar's accuracy rivals that of our modern Gregorian calendar. Their monumental step pyramids and complex hieroglyphic script are but a glimpse into a culture that was deeply attuned to the natural and the divine.

Yet, the grandeur of these civilizations often belies the challenges they faced. Environmental changes, resource depletion, warfare, and internal strife are but a few of the factors that contributed to their decline. The fall of these great societies serves as a poignant reminder of the fragile balance between human achievement and environmental stewardship.

The ingenuity of ancient civilizations extended beyond their monumental constructions and into the realm of societal organization, trade, and cultural exchange. The Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes, facilitated not only the exchange of goods like silk, spices, and precious metals but also the flow of ideas, technologies, and cultural practices across continents. This exchange enriched civilizations, fostering an interconnected world long before the advent of globalization.

The legacy of ancient civilizations is also evident in the realm of art and literature. The epic poems of Homer, the tragedies of Sophocles, the frescoes of Pompeii, and the intricate sculptures of the Olmecs continue to inspire artists, writers, and thinkers. These works, steeped in the cultural, religious, and social milieu of their times, offer invaluable insights into the human condition, transcending temporal and geographic boundaries.

In the field of engineering and construction, the ancients' achievements were nothing short of revolutionary. The Roman aqueducts, not only marvels of engineering, ensured the flow of clean water into cities, a fundamental public health measure. The Inca's terraced agriculture and sophisticated road systems exemplified their adaptability to challenging Andean terrains, ensuring food security and connectivity across vast distances.

Perhaps the most enduring legacy of ancient civilizations is their spirit of inquiry and exploration, which laid the groundwork for the Renaissance and the subsequent scientific revolution. The rediscovery of ancient texts during the Renaissance rekindled an interest in classical philosophies and sciences, propelling humanity into a new era of discovery and innovation.

As we delve into the mysteries of ancient civilizations, we are reminded of our shared humanity—a relentless quest for knowledge, a profound appreciation for beauty, and an indomitable spirit to overcome challenges. These civilizations, though separated from us by millennia, continue to speak to us, urging us to look beyond the horizons of our understanding and to embrace the boundless possibilities of human creativity and resilience.

In conclusion, the legacies of ancient civilizations are not confined to the relics and ruins that dot our landscapes but are alive in the principles and knowledge that underpin modern society. Their achievements in various fields serve as a testament to human ingenuity and a source of inspiration for future generations. As we forge ahead in the 21st century, we carry with us the wisdom, the challenges, and the aspirations of our ancestors, reminding us of the interconnected tapestry of human history and the unending quest for progress and enlightenment.

 

Questions

Q1. What is the main theme of the passage?
A) The architectural achievements of modern civilizations
B) The mysteries and achievements of ancient civilizations
C) The technological advancements in the 21st century
D) The cultural practices of ancient societies

Q2. According to the passage, what aspect of the ancient civilizations is considered remarkable?
A) Their use of modern technology
B) Their achievements in engineering and understanding of the natural world
C) Their reliance on contemporary science
D) Their written records and documentation

Q3. Fill in the blank: The Great Pyramids are aligned with extraordinary ______.
A) symmetry
B) precision
C) height
D) simplicity

Q4. True or False: The passage suggests that the achievements of ancient civilizations were limited to architectural wonders.
A) True
B) False

Q5. Which civilization is mentioned as having advanced astronomical knowledge?
A) Egyptian
B) Mayan
C) Indus Valley
D) Roman

Q6. Fill in the blank: The sudden disappearance of ______ civilization remains a mystery.
A) Egyptian
B) Mayan
C) Indus Valley
D) Roman

Q7. What does the passage imply about the influence of ancient civilizations on modern disciplines?
A) They have little to no influence on modern disciplines.
B) They primarily influenced modern architecture.
C) They laid the foundational stones of modern science, mathematics, and engineering.
D) Their influence is limited to cultural studies.

Q8. True or False: The passage states that ancient civilizations had access to modern technology.
A) True
B) False

Q9. What does the passage suggest about human ingenuity?
A) It has diminished over time.
B) It was exclusive to ancient civilizations.
C) It is a universal trait that drives the quest for knowledge.
D) It is limited to technological advancements.

Q10. Fill in the blank: The legacy of ancient civilizations extends beyond their monumental ruins, influencing ______.
A) only modern architecture
B) primarily religious beliefs
C) modern science, mathematics, and engineering
D) contemporary art and literature

Answers
A1. B) The passage primarily discusses the mysteries and achievements of ancient civilizations, highlighting their contributions to various fields despite the absence of modern technology.

A2. B) The passage remarks on the ancient civilizations' remarkable engineering achievements and their deep understanding of the natural world, achieved without modern technological aids.

A3. B) Precision. The passage mentions the extraordinary precision with which the Great Pyramids were aligned, showcasing the ancient Egyptians' advanced engineering skills.

A4. B) False. The passage indicates that the achievements of ancient civilizations were not limited to architectural wonders but also included advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and a deep understanding of the natural world.

A5. B) Mayan. The passage specifically mentions the Mayans when referring to advanced astronomical knowledge.

A6. C) Indus Valley. The passage mentions the sudden disappearance of the Indus Valley civilization as one of the enduring mysteries of ancient history.

A7. C) The passage suggests that ancient civilizations laid the foundational stones of modern science, mathematics, and engineering, highlighting their profound influence on these disciplines.

A8. B) False. The passage explicitly states that these civilizations achieved their remarkable feats in the absence of modern technology.

A9. C) The passage suggests that human ingenuity is a universal trait, emphasizing the continuous quest for knowledge and understanding across different eras and civilizations.

A10. C) The passage concludes that the legacy of ancient civilizations significantly influences modern science, mathematics, and engineering, extending well beyond their physical monuments.
 

Conclusion

"Cambridge IELTS 10 Reading Test 4" serves as a rich resource for IELTS aspirants, offering a glimpse into the intriguing world of ancient civilizations. Through this passage and the accompanying questions, learners are encouraged to explore complex texts, enhance their comprehension skills, and prepare effectively for the IELTS Reading section. The journey through ancient mysteries not only broadens our understanding of human history but also underscores the timeless nature of human curiosity and ingenuity.
 

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